Linux基本命令

ls: Lists files and directories.

• Usage: ls, ls -l (long format), ls -a (including hidden files)

cd: Changes the current directory.

• Usage: cd [directory], cd .. (parent directory), cd (home directory)

pwd: Displays the path of the current working directory.

• Usage: pwd

cp: Copies files and directories.

• Usage: cp [source] [destination], cp -r [source_directory] [destination_directory] (recursive copy)

mv: Moves or renames files and directories.

• Usage: mv [source] [destination], mv [old_name] [new_name]

rm: Removes files and directories.

• Usage: rm [file], rm -r [directory] (recursive remove)

mkdir: Creates new directories.

• Usage: mkdir [directory_name]

touch: Creates a new empty file or updates the timestamp of an existing file.

• Usage: touch [file_name]

cat: Concatenates and displays the content of files.

• Usage: cat [file], cat [file1] [file2] > [new_combined_file]

grep: Searches for a specific pattern in files or input.

• Usage: grep '[pattern]' [file], cat [file] | grep '[pattern]'

find: Searches for files and directories based on various criteria.

• Usage: find [directory] -name '[pattern]', find [directory] -type f (files only)

sudo: Executes commands with superuser privileges.

• Usage: sudo [command]

chmod: Changes the permissions of files or directories.

• Usage: chmod [permissions] [file]

chown: Changes the owner and group of files or directories.

• Usage: chown [user]:[group] [file]

df: Displays disk space usage.

• Usage: df, df -h (human-readable format)

du: Displays the disk usage of files and directories.

• Usage: du, du -h (human-readable format)

ps: Shows information about active processes.

• Usage: ps, ps -aux

kill: Terminates processes.

• Usage: kill [process_id], kill -9 [process_id] (force kill)

nano, vi, emacs: Text editors for editing files.

• Usage: nano [file], vi [file], emacs [file]

man: Displays the manual page for other commands.

• Usage: man [command]