windows下flutter的环境安装-JZTXT

Flutter是谷歌出品的移动应用SDK，性能卓越、体验精美、跨平台、HotReload等等这些特点。

Dart是谷歌推出的编程语言。支持即时编译JIT（Just In Time）、HotReload（热加载）和事前编译AOT（Ahead of Time）。

所以搜索语法要用dart。

一、下载

git下载：https://git-scm.com/download/win
android studio: https://developer.android.google.cn/studio
Flutter SDK：https://docs.flutter.dev/get-started/install

二、环境变量

PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn

注意：这两个环境变量一定要加，否则可能导致后面 flutter doctor 命令连接不上服务

三、安装

安装git

略

安装android studio

会让你下载SDK，记一下路径，然后配置到环境变量中。

ANDROID_HOME = Android sdk路径

如果忘记了或者没记或者跳过了安装安卓SDK的步骤：

Alt text

安装Flutter SDK

把之前下载的SDK直接解压。
比如我的是：C:\sdk\flutter

然后把bin目录配置到环境变量中：

C:\sdk\flutter\bin

Alt text

打开cmd检测下：

flutter --version 查看是否安装成功
flutter -h  能够展示指令，表示安装配置成功

四、flutter doctor 环境检测

在前面都安装完后，才是正式安装的开始。

打开cmd，运行 flutter doctor：
Alt text

这是运行成功的例子，那么哪个不对改哪里。

4.1 安卓SDK下载不了

AppData\\Roaming\\Google 下缓存删掉

4.2 HTTP Host availability check is taking a long time...

找到flutter sdk的文件目录，依次找到flutter/packages/flutter_tools/lib/src/http_host_validator.dart文件
将https://maven.google.com/ 修改为https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/
关闭所有打开了flutterSDK的程序，找到flutter\bin目录下的flutter_tools.snapshot文件，删除。
重新打开cmd，再试。（注意要重新打开）

4.3 Windows Version (Unable to confirm if installed Windows version is 10 or greater)

打开：\packages\flutter_tools\lib\src\windows\windows_version_validator.dart
直接替换：

// Copyright 2014 The Flutter Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

import 'package:process/process.dart';

import '../base/io.dart';
import '../doctor_validator.dart';

// FIX #1 - Remove everything from line 10 to 20 in original source code.

/// Validator for supported Windows host machine operating system version.
class WindowsVersionValidator extends DoctorValidator {
  const WindowsVersionValidator({required ProcessManager processManager})
      : _processManager = processManager,
        super('Windows Version');

  final ProcessManager _processManager;

  @override
  Future<ValidationResult> validate() async {

// FIX #2 - Replace 'systeminfo' by 'ver' command
    final ProcessResult result =
        await _processManager.run(<String>['ver'], runInShell: true);

    if (result.exitCode != 0) {
      return const ValidationResult(
        ValidationType.missing,
        <ValidationMessage>[],
        statusInfo: 'Exit status from running `systeminfo` was unsuccessful',
      );
    }

    final String resultStdout = result.stdout as String;

// FIX #3 - Remove brackets from output
    final String resultAdjusted = resultStdout.replaceAll('[','').replaceAll(']','');

// FIX #4 - Split the output at spaces, and get Windows version at position 3.
//          Split again at dots and get the major version at position 0.
//          Cast the output to int.
    final int winver = int.parse(resultAdjusted.split(' ').elementAt(3).split('.').elementAt(0));

    // Use the string split method to extract the major version
    // and check against the [kUnsupportedVersions] list
    final ValidationType windowsVersionStatus;
    final String statusInfo;

// FIX #5 - Check if Windows major version is greater than 10.
//          Succeeds if true.
    if (winver >= 10) {
      windowsVersionStatus = ValidationType.installed;
      statusInfo = 'Installed version of Windows is version 10 or higher';
    } else {
      windowsVersionStatus = ValidationType.missing;
      statusInfo =
          'Unable to confirm if installed Windows version is 10 or greater';
    }

    return ValidationResult(
      windowsVersionStatus,
      const <ValidationMessage>[],
      statusInfo: statusInfo,
    );
  }
}

删除文件:\bin\cache\flutter_tools.stamp
重新打开cmd，再试。（注意要重新打开）

4.4 如果不在PC上运行，Visual Studio 不用管。

4.5 android-licenses

这个是需要同意一下协议。

flutter doctor --android-licenses
然后全部同意就行了。

五、使用

5.1 找不到dart sdk

C:\\sdk\\flutter\\bin\\cache\\dart-sdk

5.2 卡在Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'

属于网络问题，国内对一些镜像是有墙的，换一下就行。你自己翻也行。

打开flutter\packages\flutter_tools\gradle\flutter.gradle
改：

private static final String DEFAULT_MAVEN_HOST = "https://storage.googleapis.com";

改成：

"https://storage.flutter-io.cn";

buildscript {
    repositories {
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
        maven { allowInsecureProtocol = true
            url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
        //google()
        //mavenCentral()
    }

    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.2.0'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
    }
}

allprojects {
    repositories {
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
        maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
        maven { allowInsecureProtocol = true
            url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public' }
        //google()
        //mavenCentral()
    }
}