干货!超实用的 Linux 初始化脚本
咸鱼今天给大家分享一个无论是学习还是工作中都很实用的 Linux 系统初始化脚本,其实就是各种命令的集合
完整代码在文章最后哦
定义相关变量
配置 yum 镜像源
获取阿里云 yum 镜像源
判断函数是否执行成功
写入一行配置
修改配置
配置系统时区
配置 dns 服务器
修改最大文件描述符限制
关闭系统不需要的服务
内核参数优化相关
安装常用工具
关闭 SELinux
主函数
完整脚本
#环境变量PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbinexport PATH#当前时间current_time=$(date +%Y%m%d)#阿里的DNSdns_server=223.5.5.5if [[ ! -z `uname -r|grep 'el6'` ]]thenkernel_version=el6yum_repo=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repoelif [[ ! -z `uname -r|grep 'el7'` ]]thenkernel_version=el7yum_repo=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repoelseecho -e "\e[31mUnidentified Kernel version: $(uname -r). Only support for kernel el6/el7\e[0m"exitfifunction add_yum_repo(){local item="Add Aliyun Yum Mirrors"yum clean allcp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.${current_time} && \curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo ${yum_repo} > /dev/null 2>&1show_result $? "${item}"yum makecache}function show_result(){if [ "$1" -eq 0 ]thenecho -e "\e[32m$2 is Success . [ OK ] \e[0m"elseecho -e "\e[31m$2 is Fail . [ FAIL ] \e[0m"fi}function add_newconfig_tofile(){local SearchResult=`grep "$1" "$2"`if [ -z "${SearchResult}" ]thenecho "$1" >> $2fi}function add_config_tofile(){local keywords=`echo $1| awk -F "[= ]+" '{print $1}'`local SearchResult=`grep "^${keywords}" "$2"`if [ -z "${SearchResult}" ] #空为真,非空为假thenecho $1 >> $2elsesed -i "s/^${keywords}.*/$1/" $2fi}function config_localtime(){local item="Config SH As Location"rm -f /etc/localtimeln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtimeshow_result $? "${item}"}function config_dns_addr(){local item="Config DNS Address"cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.${current_time} && \echo "nameserver ${dns_server}" > /etc/resolv.confshow_result $? "${item}"}function maximum_file_dspt(){local item="Maximum File Descriptor"cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.${current_time} && \echo "* soft nofile 100000* hard nofile 100000* soft nproc 65535* hard nproc 65535* soft core unlimited* hard core unlimited" > /etc/security/limits.confshow_result $? "${item}"}function shutdown_nonuse_srv(){local item="Shutdown Unused Services"if [[ "${kernel_version}" == el6 ]]thenfor i in `chkconfig --list | awk '{print $1}'`dochkconfig --level 2345 $i off > /dev/null 2>&1donefor ii in crond network rsyslog sshd sysstat haldaemondochkconfig --level 2345 $ii on > /dev/null 2>&1doneshow_result $? "${item}"elif [[ "${kernel_version}" == el7 ]]thensystemctl disable postfix > /dev/null 2>&1show_result $? "${item}"elseecho -e "\e[31mUnidentified Kernel version: $(uname -r). Only support for kernel el6/el7\e[0m"fi}function optimize_kel_args(){local item="Optimize Kernel Arguments"cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.${current_time} > /dev/null 2>&1arch_ratio=$([[ ! -z $(uname -a | grep x86_64) ]] && expr 64 / 32 || expr 32 / 32)memory_size=$(free -b| awk 'NR==2{print $2}')nf_conntrack_size=$(expr ${memory_size} / 16384 / ${arch_ratio})#开启反向路径过滤add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf#处理无源路由包add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf#core文件名中添加pid作为扩展名add_config_tofile "kernel.core_uses_pid = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf#开启syn洪水攻击保护add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf#修改消息队列长度add_config_tofile "kernel.msgmnb = 65536" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "kernel.msgmax = 65536" /etc/sysctl.conf#修改最大内存共享段大小bytesadd_config_tofile "kernel.shmmax = 68719476736" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "kernel.shmall = 4294967296" /etc/sysctl.conf#timewait数量默认18000add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 600" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.core.rmem_default = 8388608" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.core.wmem_max = 16777216" /etc/sysctl.conf#未收到客户端确认信息连接请求的最大值add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144" /etc/sysctl.conf#放弃建立连接之前发送的synack包add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2" /etc/sysctl.conf#开启重用,允许time—wait socket 重新用语新的tcp连接add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf#防止简单的ddos攻击add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800" /etc/sysctl.conf#启用timewait快速收回add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf#keeptime启用时tcp发送keepalive消息的频度,默认2hadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600" /etc/sysctl.conf#允许系统打开的端口范围add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535" /etc/sysctl.conf#资源回收add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0" /etc/sysctl.conf#路由转发add_config_tofile "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" /etc/sysctl.conf#修改防火墙连接跟踪表大小,默认65535add_config_tofile "net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = ${nf_conntrack_size}" /etc/sysctl.confadd_config_tofile "net.nf_conntrack_max = ${nf_conntrack_size}" /etc/sysctl.conf#解禁pingadd_config_tofile "net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 0" /etc/sysctl.confmodprobe bridgesysctl -p > /dev/null 2>&1show_result $? "${item}"}function install_pkgs(){local item="Install Common Pkgs"yum -y groupinstall "Development libraries" > /dev/null 2>&1yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" > /dev/null 2>&1yum -y install sysstat tree lrzsz telnet wget net-tools tcpdump lsof vim ntp > /dev/null 2>&1show_result $? "${item}"}function shutdown_selinux(){local item="Shutdown Selinux "setenforce 0 > /dev/null 2>&1cp /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config.${current_time} && \sed -i 's:SELINUX=enforcing:SELINUX=disabled:g' /etc/selinux/configshow_result $? "${item}"}function main(){echo -e '\033[34;1m开始初始化操作系统中......\033[0m'add_yum_repoinstall_pkgsconfig_localtimeconfig_dns_addrmaximum_file_dsptshutdown_nonuse_srvshutdown_selinuxoptimize_kel_argsecho -e '\033[34;1m服务器系统初始化已完成!\033[0m'}main
感谢阅读,喜欢作者就动动小手[一键三连],这是我写作最大的动力
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