1.使用sendRequest函数
sendRequest函数的定义由MATLAB官方帮助文档给出：
function response = sendRequest(uri,request)
% uri: matlab.net.URI
% request: matlab.net.http.RequestMessage
% response: matlab.net.http.ResponseMessage
% matlab.net.http.HTTPOptions persists across requests to reuse previous
% Credentials in it for subsequent authentications
persistent options
% infos is a containers.Map object where:
% key is uri.Host;
% value is "info" struct containing:
% cookies: vector of matlab.net.http.Cookie or empty
% uri: target matlab.net.URI if redirect, or empty
persistent infos
if isempty(options)
options = matlab.net.http.HTTPOptions('ConnectTimeout',20);
end
if isempty(infos)
infos = containers.Map;
end
host = string(uri.Host); % get Host from URI
try
% get info struct for host in map
info = infos(host);
if ~isempty(info.uri)
% If it has a uri field, it means a redirect previously
% took place, so replace requested URI with redirect URI.
uri = info.uri;
end
if ~isempty(info.cookies)
% If it has cookies, it means we previously received cookies from this host.
% Add Cookie header field containing all of them.
request = request.addFields(matlab.net.http.field.CookieField(info.cookies));
end
catch
% no previous redirect or cookies for this host
info = [];
end
% Send request and get response and history of transaction.
[response, ~, history] = request.send(uri, options);
if response.StatusCode ~= matlab.net.http.StatusCode.OK
return
end
% Get the Set-Cookie header fields from response message in
% each history record and save them in the map.
arrayfun(@addCookies, history)
% If the last URI in the history is different from the URI sent in the original
% request, then this was a redirect. Save the new target URI in the host info struct.
targetURI = history(end).URI;
if ~isequal(targetURI, uri)
if isempty(info)
% no previous info for this host in map, create new one
infos(char(host)) = struct('cookies',[],'uri',targetURI);
else
% change URI in info for this host and put it back in map
info.uri = targetURI;
infos(char(host)) = info;
end
end
function addCookies(record)
% Add cookies in Response message in history record
% to the map entry for the host to which the request was directed.
%
ahost = record.URI.Host; % the host the request was sent to
cookieFields = record.Response.getFields('Set-Cookie');
if isempty(cookieFields)
return
end
cookieData = cookieFields.convert(); % get array of Set-Cookie structs
cookies = [cookieData.Cookie]; % get array of Cookies from all structs
try
% If info for this host was already in the map, add its cookies to it.
ainfo = infos(ahost);
ainfo.cookies = [ainfo.cookies cookies];
infos(char(ahost)) = ainfo;
catch
% Not yet in map, so add new info struct.
infos(char(ahost)) = struct('cookies',cookies,'uri',[]);
end
end
end
然后我们生成一个默认请求：
request = matlab.net.http.RequestMessage();
生成一个uri：
uri = matlab.net.URI('https://www.baidu.com');
使用sendRequest:
response = sendRequest(uri,request)
得到的response结果：
response =
ResponseMessage 属性:
StatusLine: 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK'
StatusCode: OK
Header: [1×17 matlab.net.http.HeaderField]
Body: [1×1 matlab.net.http.MessageBody]
Completed: 0
2.使用webread读取内容
要读取的网页内容：
webread两行搞定：
httpsUrl = 'http://localhost:10120/terminated-service/terminated/exec?para=load(%22/home/meow/Desktop/oceanScript.ocn%22)';
data = webread(httpsUrl,weboptions('Timeout',60));
返回值data：
data =
struct with fields:
code: '10000'
msg: '成功'
value: 't'
关于webread的第二个参数，webread函数的官方手册是这样说明的：
WEBREAD Read content from RESTful web service
Syntax
------
DATA = WEBREAD(URL)
DATA = WEBREAD(URL,QueryName1,QueryValue1, ...)
DATA = WEBREAD(__,OPTIONS)
[DATA1,__] = WEBREAD(__)
Description
------------
DATA = WEBREAD(URL) reads content from the web service specified by the
string URL and returns the content in DATA. WEBREAD sets HTTP request
parameters with the default property values of WEBOPTIONS and uses the
HTTP GET method to read content from URL.
DATA = WEBREAD(URL,QueryName1,QueryValue1,...) appends additional RESTful
web service query parameters, specified by QueryName1, QueryValue1, ..., to
URL. These name,value pair arguments set query parameters in an HTTP GET
operation. The parameters supported by a web service are defined in the
service's documentation. WEBREAD adds parameters to URL using the
"&name=value" construct. However, if URL does not contain a "?" character,
then WEBREAD adds the first name, value pair as "?name=value". WEBREAD still
adds all following parameters as "&name=value". Numeric and logical values
are converted to strings using NUM2STR. Nonscalar values are encoded as
specified by the default ArrayFormat property of WEBOPTIONS.
DATA = WEBREAD(__, OPTIONS) sets HTTP request parameters with the property
values of the scalar WEBOPTIONS object OPTIONS. Set the RequestMethod
property of OPTIONS to 'post' or some other method if you need to use a
method other than GET when reading data from a RESTful web service.
Changing the RequestMethod does not affect where the query parameters are
placed: they always are appended to the URL. To place parameters in the
body of the message, use WEBWRITE.
[DATA1, __] = WEBREAD(__) returns multiple data values from the web
service if the data content is an indexed image or audio data, or if
you set options.ContentReader and your content reader returns multiple
outputs.
Input Arguments
---------------
Name Description Data Type
---- -------------------- ---------
URL Web address of content including the string
transfer protocol, http or https.
The URL is automatically encoded.
QueryName
Name of additional web service parameter string
to append to URL.
QueryValue
Value of additional web service parameter string; vector of
to append to URL. If you specify a datetime numeric, logical
you must specify its Format property as or datetime; 2-D
expected by the web service. If it is a array of char; or
non-scalar vector or cell vector, or char cell array containing
array with more than one row, the value is strings or numeric,
processed according to the ArrayFormat property logical or datetime
of WEBOPTIONS. scalars
OPTIONS
Other options used to connect to web scalar WEBOPTIONS
service. object
% Example 1
% ---------
% Read the HTML page on the MATLAB(R) Central File Exchange that lists
% submissions for sensor-data-acquisition.
url = 'https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange';
searchTerm = 'sensor-data-acquisition';
html = webread(url,'term',searchTerm)
% Example 2
% ---------
% Read USA average historical temperature data based on gridded
% climatologies from the Climate Research Unit and provided by the
% World Bank web service. More information on the data set may be found
% at http://data.worldbank.org/developers/climate-data-api
% The service returns data formatted as JSON objects.
% webread converts homogeneous JSON objects to a structure array.
api = 'http://climatedataapi.worldbank.org/climateweb/rest/v1/';
url = [api 'country/cru/tas/year/USA'];
S = webread(url)
% Plot the average temperature per year.
% Convert temperatures and years to numeric arrays.
% Convert years to a datetime array for ease of plotting.
temperatures = [S.data];
years = [S.year];
month = 1;
day = 1;
yearsToPlot = datetime(years,month,day);
figure
plot(yearsToPlot,temperatures);
minyear = num2str(min(years));
maxyear = num2str(max(years));
attribution = 'World Bank: Historical Data: Climate Research Unit';
title({['USA Average Temperature ',minyear,'-',maxyear], attribution});
xlabel Year
ylabel 'Temperature (^{\circ}C)'
% Read JSON data from the World Bank web service as text.
options = weboptions('ContentType','text');
textData = webread(url,options)
See also AUDIOREAD, DATETIME, IMREAD, READTABLE, JSONDECODE, WEBOPTIONS, WEBWRITE,
WEBSAVE, XMLREAD, WEBOPTIONS.ArrayFormat
Copyright 2014-2017 The MathWorks, Inc.