JZTXT

Centos7 安装Jenkins教程

发布时间 2023-07-01 02:08:31作者: java先生

1.下载Jenkins

Jenkins下载地址：http://jenkins-ci.org/ 或 https://mirrors.jenkins-ci.org/redhat/

2.卸载jenkins

1.卸载旧jenkins

rpm -qa | grep jenkins

2.卸载 jenkins

rpm -e --nodeps jenkins

3.彻底删除jenkins残留文件

find / -iname jenkins | xargs -n 1000 rm -rf

4.查看Jenkins安装后的目录

find / -iname jenkins

3.安装Jenkins

1.切换到Jenkins安装包目录

[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# cd ~
[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# ll
total 91068
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 93246047 Jul 26  2022 jenkins-2.361-1.1.noarch.rpm

2.安装jenkins

[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# rpm -ivh jenkins-2.361-1.1.noarch.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:jenkins-2.361-1.1                ################################# [100%]

3.自动安装Jenkins完成之后，Jenkins安装后的目录

[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# find / -iname jenkins
/etc/sysconfig/jenkins
/etc/logrotate.d/jenkins
/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins
/usr/share/jenkins
/usr/bin/jenkins
/var/log/jenkins
/var/lib/jenkins
/var/cache/jenkins

4.配置Jenkins

1.在jenkins配置文件中配置jdk环境变量.

vim /etc/init.d/jenkins

2.修改jenkins默认配置（用户、端口）

以前旧版本（发现修改这个不生效）

vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins

新版本配置（修改这个生效）：

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service

2.1 修改端口

# Port to listen on for HTTP requests. Set to -1 to disable.
# To be able to listen on privileged ports (port numbers less than 1024),
# add the CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE capability to the AmbientCapabilities
# directive below.
Environment="JENKINS_PORT=8088"

2.2 修改默认用户

linux下jenkins默认使用jenkins用户进行脚本和文件的操作，如果不修改，在部署项目时需要调整涉及到的文件和目录的操作权限，可以调整jenkins配置文件，将用户修改为root用户。

将User=jenkins调整为User=root：

# Unix account that runs the Jenkins daemon
# Be careful when you change this, as you need to update the permissions of
# $JENKINS_HOME, $JENKINS_LOG, and (if you have already run Jenkins)
# $JENKINS_WEBROOT.
User=root
Group=jenkins

 

2.3(可选) 修改jenkins内存

 可修改：

Environment="-Djava.awt.headless=true -Xms256m -Xmx512m -XX:MaxNewSize=256m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m"

配置完需要刷新配置：

systemctl daemon-reload

否则报错：Warning: jenkins.service changed on disk. Run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to reload units.

2.4 修改目录的相应权限

chown -R root /var/log/jenkins

chgrp -R root /var/log/jenkins

chown -R root /var/lib/jenkins

chgrp -R root /var/lib/jenkins

chown -R root /var/cache/jenkins

chgrp -R root /var/cache/jenkins

5.启动Jenkins

-- 启动Jenkins
[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# systemctl start jenkins
Job for jenkins.service failed because a timeout was exceeded. See "systemctl status jenkins.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
-- 查看Jenkins状态
[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# systemctl status jenkins.service
● jenkins.service - Jenkins Continuous Integration Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: activating (start) since Sat 2023-07-01 01:06:35 CST; 6s ago
 Main PID: 15558 (java)
   CGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service
           └─15558 /usr/bin/java -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /usr/share/java/jenkins.war --webroot=%C/jenkins/war --httpPort=8088

Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: Please use the following password to proceed to installation:
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: 2c41c6b4e70e4532b1fbe177e164e11a
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: This may also be found at: /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:06:40 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[15558]: *************************************************************

5.1 可以查看启动java环境、端口

/usr/bin/java -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /usr/share/java/jenkins.war --webroot=%C/jenkins/war --httpPort=8088

说明上面4.1配置的jdk环境没有生效，可以创建软连接使之生效：ln -s /usr/local/jdk/jdk-11.0.17/bin/java /usr/bin/java，也可以直接配置：vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service

 再次重启Jenkins：

-- 保存配置
[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
-- 重启jenkins
[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# systemctl restart jenkins-- 查看状态
[root@VM-20-5-centos ~]# systemctl status jenkins.service
● jenkins.service - Jenkins Continuous Integration Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: activating (start) since Sat 2023-07-01 01:27:08 CST; 34s ago
 Main PID: 30428 (java)
   CGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service
           └─30428 /usr/local/jdk/jdk-11.0.17/bin/java -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /usr/share/java/jenkins.war --webroot=%C/jenkins/war --httpPort=8088

Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: Please use the following password to proceed to installation:
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: 2c41c6b4e70e4532b1fbe177e164e11a
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: This may also be found at: /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: *************************************************************
Jul 01 01:27:13 VM-20-5-centos jenkins[30428]: *************************************************************
/usr/local/jdk/jdk-11.0.17/bin/java -Djava.awt.headless=true -jar /usr/share/java/jenkins.war --webroot=%C/jenkins/war --httpPort=8088

　jdk环境已修改，端口已修改。

5.2 可以查初始化密码

cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

6.访问客户端

6.1 通过http://IP:Port/访问客户端，但是一直卡在加载界面无法进入

原因是链接不上jenkins官方的更新仓库导致的，我们换个国内的地址就可以了

vim /var/lib/jenkins/hudson.model.UpdateCenter.xml

地址：https://mirror.xmission.com/jenkins/updates/update-center.json

 重启Jenkins

systemctl restart jenkins.service

正常启动Jenkins就可以了：

 6.2 解锁jenkins

查看管理员密码

cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

 

 

复制粘贴密码后，点击继续。

6.3 安装插件

 等待安装完成即可，安装失败或者没有安装的插件可以进入后自行选择安装。

6.4 创建管理员用户

 填写完成后，点击保存完成。

6.4 设置站点

 保存并完成。